Pedestrian (Forman 2015)¶

Model validation information

• Performed by: Nico Erlinger, Elena Weißenbacher
• Reviewed by: Corina Klug

Added to VIVA+ Validation Catalog on 2022-11-30 by Corina Klug

Version	Date	Performed by	LS-Dyna
	2022-11-30	Nico Erlinger, Elena Weißenbacher	9.3.1
0.3.2	2023-11-23	Corina Klug	9.3.1
1.1.1	2024-06-04	Matej Kranjec	12.2.1
2.0.0	2024-10-30	Nico Erlinger	12.2.1

© 2019-2024, OpenVT Organization (OVTO)

Available openly under under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Reference¶

Experiments by Forman et al. (2015)¶

Forman, J., Joodaki, H., Forghani, A., O Riley, P., Bollapragada, V., Lessley, D., Overby, B., Heltzel, S., Crandall, J., 2015a. Biofidelity Corridors for Whole‐Body Pedestrian Impact with a Generic Buck, in: 2015 IRCOBI Conference Proceedings. IRCOBI Conference, Lyon, France. 9.-11.9.2015. IRCOBI, pp. 356–372. http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc15/pdf_files/49.pdf

Forman, J.L., Joodaki, H., Forghani, A., Riley, P.O., Bollapragada, V., Lessley, D.J., Overby, B., Heltzel, S., Kerrigan, J.R., Crandall, J.R., Yarboro, S., Weiss, D.B., 2015. Whole-body Response for Pedestrian Impact with a Generic Sedan Buck. Stapp Car Crash J 59, 401–444.

VIVA+ validation¶

Manuscript currently under preparation

Information on the subjects/specimens¶

PMHS	Sex	Height [cm]	Weight [kg]	Age [yr]	Scale factor z (height)	Scale factor x and y (weight)
V2370	m	180	73	73	1.02	0.96
V2371	m	187	82	54	1.07	1.00
V2374	m	178	78	67	1.02	1.00

		V2370		V2371		V2374
		Experiment [°]	pos. VIVA+ [°]	Experiment [°]	pos. VIVA+ [°]	Experiment [°]	pos. VIVA+ [°]
side view	Right lower leg	76	75	65	68	60	63
	Right upper leg	95	92	94	89	97	94
	Left lower leg	84	88	96	100	97	101
	Left upper leg	114	108	100	99	97	97
	Right lower arm	-	45	-	38	-	29
	Right upper arm	63	63	49	56	17	48
	Left lower arm	-	51	-	50	-	40
	Left upper arm	59	64	54	62	10	53
front view	Right lower leg	84	81	85	80	81	78
	Right upper leg	90	91	94	96	89	86
	Left lower leg	94	94	95	100	92	97
	Left upper leg	94	98	89	93	93	95
	Right lower arm	-	58	-	54	-	40
	Right upper arm	-	84	-	85	-	92
	Left lower arm	-	55	-	54	-	43
	Left upper arm	-	96	-	96	-	89
	Pelvis	-	1	-	1	-	1
	Upper body centreline	-	90	-	90	-	90
	Shoulder	-	0	-	0	-	0

Loading and Boundary Conditions¶

Simulation model of the generic buck was downloaded from the THUMS User Community (https://tuc-project.org/whole-body-pedestrian-impact)

Experimental responses¶

The displacement curves from the diagrams published by Forman et al. (2015) were digitised with WebPlotDigitizer v4.4 (https://automeris.io/WebPlotDigitizer).

Simulation metadata¶

Results¶

Trajectories¶

Tibia and femur strains¶

Energy time histories¶

Head impact times¶

	Simulation	First leg contact [ms]	First head contact [ms]	Simulation HIT [ms]	Experimental HIT [ms]
0	Test_V2370	5.0	135.0	130	135
1	Test_V2371	1.0	138.0	137	138
2	Test_V2374	3.0	135.0	132	141

Plotting peak strains of tibia and femur on IRCs¶

	Simulation	Tibia fracture probability [%]	Experiment tibia fracture	Femur fracture probability [%]	Experiment femur fracture
0	Test_V2370	23.2609	no	7.80116	no
1	Test_V2371	7.91387	no	16.2562	no
2	Test_V2374	1.50159	no	8.51901	no