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Abdominal Segment

This section of the documentation is under development

This section is being updated

Lumbar Spine

Rigid definitions

Future Model Development

A new lumbar Spine model with detailed vertebrae and intervertebral soft tissue definitions is planned.

Subcutaneous Fat Layer

The extent of the subcutaneous fat was adapted from measurements from multivariate regression maps Holcombe et al. (2014) 1

Internal Organs

A variety of material parameters for the liver are available. Parameters are highly differing between different sources. It was decided to use the parameters derived in 2, because the liver was infused and therefore the test data might be more appropiate to model the upper abdomen then isolated samples of the liver tissue under tensile loads. Furthermore, strain-rate dependency was considered and prony series parameters were provided. However, it seems that the curves are overfitted and it should be checked if it is OK to use negative MU values. Alternatively, data published by 3 or 4 could be used as next trials.

A CONTACT_TIED_NODES_TO_SURFACE (CID 600001) is used to connect the pelvic cavity soft tissue to the pelvis. The purpose of this contact is to prevent unphysical relative motion between the abdominal soft tissue and the pelvis.

References

  1. Sven A. Holcombe and Stewart C. Wang. Subcutaneous Fat Distribution in the Human Torso. In IRCOBI Conference, 145–165. Berlin, Germany, 2014. ↩

  2. Fusako Sato, Yoshihiro Yamamoto, Daisuke Ito, Jacobo Antona-Makoshi, Susumu Ejima, Koichi Kamiji, and Tsuyoshi Yasuki. Hyper–viscoelastic response of perfused liver under dynamic compression and estimation of tissue strain thresholds with a liver finite element model. In International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury, editor, 2013 IRCOBI Conference Proceedings, IRCOBI Conference Proceedings. IRCOBI, 2013. URL: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc13/pdf_files/85.pdf. ↩

  3. Costin D. Untaroiu, Yuan-Chiao Lu, Sundeep K. Siripurapu, and Andrew R. Kemper. Modeling the biomechanical and injury response of human liver parenchyma under tensile loading. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 41:280–291, jan 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.07.006. ↩

  4. Sagar Umale, Caroline Deck, Nicolas Bourdet, Parag Dhumane, Luc Soler, Jacques Marescaux, and Remy Willinger. Experimental mechanical characterization of abdominal organs: liver, kidney & spleen. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 17:22–33, jan 2013. doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.07.010. ↩