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Shaw et al. 2007

These are simulation setups designed to replicate the hub impact on the denuded thorax carried out by Shaw et al. (2007). The full reference is provided at the end of this document.

PMHS reference data overview

Boundary and loading conditions

  • Two impactor sizes (2x2" and 2x4")
  • 3 impact locations on the anterior thorax:
  • upper impact on the costal cartilage junction of the 3rd left rib
  • mid impact on the sternum of the 5th rib
  • lower impact on the costal cartilage junction of the 6th right rib
  • Total of 6 impacts
  • Dynamic loading - 1 m/s; Average chest compression: 13.75% of the chest depth before skin and flesh removal for non-injurious loading and 80 mm for injurious loading

The characteristics of all PMHS used in these tests are provided in the table below.

Subject Number Age Height (cm) Mass (kg) Chest Depth (cm)
1 343 72 180 66 22.3
2 342 75 183 73 21.9
3 320 48 168 68 17.5
4 319 52 179 77 18.5
5 203 67 170 77 20.8

Instructions

Follow the General Instructions for setting up your simulations. Make sure that all required outputs are available in the simulation output files (e.g. binout when using LS-Dyna) in an appropriate time frequency!

A detailed guide with illustrations is provided for the dynamic impact in the Documentation_Hub_Dynamic.pdf.

Please report all new issues you encounter.

Directory structure

  • Jupyter notebook for postprocessing results for the dynamic impacts using Dynasaur: Shaw 2006
shaw_2007
│   00_Master_Hub_Dynamic.k
│   Documentation_Hub_Dynamic.pdf
│   LICENSE
│   README.md
│   Shaw_2007_Dynamic_assessment.ipynb
│   Version vX.X.X.md
│
├───data
│   ├───examples
│   │   └───Dynamic
│   │
│   ├───experiment
│   │
│   ├───metadata
│   │       00_Shaw_2007_env_ID.def
│   │       00_Shaw_2007_hub_ID.def
│   │       00_THUMS_v4.1_50M_IDs.def
│   │       01_units_ms_mm_kg.def
│   │       01_units_s_mm_ton.def
│   │       02_quality_criteria.def
│   │       04_hub.def
│   │       06a_HBM_ribs_visualisation.def
│   │       06_HBM_chest_depth.def
│   │       06_HBM_ribs_criteria.def
│   │       07a_HBM_ribs_NFR_risk_Larsson_2021.def
│   │       07b_HBM_ribs_NFR_risk_Larsson_2021_deflection_limits.def
│   │       07c_HBM_THUMS_50M_ribs_NFR_risk_Forman2022_3plus.def
│   │       07d_HBM_THUMS_50M_ribs_NFR_risk_Forman2022_3plus_deflection_limits.def
│   │       ls_user_function.py
│   │
│   └───processed
│       ├───figures
│       └───sim_results
│           └───Dynamic
├───sim_results
│   └───Dynamic
│       ├───Imp_L_2x2
│       │       _copy_your_binouts_here.txt
│       │
│       ├───Imp_L_2x4
│       │       _copy_your_binouts_here.txt
│       │
│       ├───Imp_M_2x2
│       |        _copy_your_binouts_here.txt
|       |
│       ├───Imp_M_2x4
│       │       _copy_your_binouts_here.txt
│       │
│       ├───Imp_U_2x2
│       │       _copy_your_binouts_here.txt
│       │
│       └───Imp_U_2x4
│               _copy_your_binouts_here.txt
│
├───_env
│       00_Database_Control.k
│       01_Table.k
│       03_Boundary_Condition_Dynamic.k
│       04_Position_springs.k
│       05_Calculations_Dynamic.k
│       06_Indentor.key
│
└───_HBM
        _copy_your_HBM_includes_here.txt

Loadcase specific outputs

Time-history data:

  • Energies
  • Total energy
  • Internal energy
  • Kinetic energy
  • Hourglass energy
  • Added mass (when using mass scaling)
  • Percent increase of added mass
  • Contact forces
  • Contact force between HBM and hub
  • Hub
  • Z-coordinate of the impactor
  • HBM
  • Z-coordinate of the node on the anterior skin on the 4th rib level
  • Z-coordinate of the node on the anterior skin on the 8th rib level
  • Relevant strain data (see above) for each rib over time

License

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License

Copyright [2024] OVTO

Acknowledgement

The setup has been developed by the Vehicle Safety Institute at Graz University of Technology to be HBM-neutral. This work was funded by the research project "QualiPro HBM4VT". We acknowledge the support of all sponsors:

  • DYNAmore Gesellschaft für FEM Ingenieurdienstleistungen GmbH, an Ansys Company
  • Global Human Body Models Consortium, LLC (GHBMC)
  • Humanetics
  • SAFER (represented by Autoliv Development AB and Volvo Car Corporation)
  • Toyota Motor Europe NV/SA

The Jupyter notebook is loosely based on the notebook for the Bouquet 1994 load case from the HBM4VT validation catalogue. The experimental data used in the Jupyter notebook was digitised from the original publication (see below).

References

Shaw G, Lessley D, et al. (2007) Quasi-static and dynamic thoracic loading tests: Cadaveric torsos. Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, Maastricht, the Netherlands.