Forman et al. 2013¶
This is the simulation setup designed to replicate the far side sled tests carried out by Forman et al. 2013. The full reference is provided at the end of this README.
PMHS reference data overview¶
There are variants of the load cases, which which are documented by Forman et al. 2013. The table below provides an overview of the differences.
| Test | Subject | Sled acc [g] | Impact direction | D-Ring position | Pretensioner | Pelvis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S0077 | 557 | 6.6 | Lateral | Back | No | No |
| S0078 | 557 | 6.6 | Lateral | Back | No | No |
| S0079 | 557 | 6.6 | Lateral | Back | Yes | No |
| S0080 | 557 | 6.6 | Lateral | Back | Yes | No |
| S0081 | 557 | 14 | Lateral | Back | No | No |
| S0082 | 551 | 6.6 | Lateral | Forward | Yes | No |
| S0083 | 551 | 6.6 | Lateral | Forward | Yes | No |
| S0084 | 551 | 6.6 | Lateral | Forward | No | No |
| S0085 | 551 | 6.6 | Lateral | Forward | No | No |
| S0086 | 551 | 14 | Lateral | Forward | No | No |
| S0087 | 559 | 6.6 | Lateral | Forward | No | No |
| S0088 | 559 | 6.6 | Lateral | Forward | Yes | No |
| S0089 | 559 | 6.6 | Lateral | Intermediate | No | No |
| S0090 | 559 | 6.6 | Lateral | Intermediate | Yes | No |
| S0091 | 559 | 14 | Lateral | Intermediate | Yes | No |
| S0120 | 591 | 6.6 | Oblique | Forward | No | No |
| S0121 | 591 | 6.6 | Oblique | Forward | Yes | No |
| S0122 | 591 | 6.6 | Oblique | Intermediate | No | No |
| S0123 | 591 | 6.6 | Oblique | Intermediate | Yes | No |
| S0124 | 591 | 14 | Oblique | Intermediate | Yes | No |
| S0125 | 591 | 14 | Oblique | Intermediate | No | No |
| S0126 | 587 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | No | No |
| S0127 | 587 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | Yes | No |
| S0128 | 587 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | No | Yes |
| S0129 | 587 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | Yes | Yes |
| S0130 | 587 | 14 | Oblique | Back | Yes | Yes |
| S0131 | 602 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | No | No |
| S0132 | 602 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | Yes | No |
| S0133 | 602 | 6.6 | Oblique | Intermediate | No | No |
| S0134 | 602 | 6.6 | Oblique | Intermediate | Yes | No |
| S0135 | 602 | 14 | Oblique | Intermediate | Yes | No |
| S0136 | 608 | 6.6 | Oblique | Intermediate | No | No |
| S0137 | 608 | 6.6 | Oblique | Intermediate | Yes | No |
| S0138 | 608 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | No | No |
| S0139 | 608 | 6.6 | Oblique | Back | Yes | No |
| S0140 | 608 | 14 | Oblique | Back | Yes | No |
The characteristics of all PMHS used in these tests are provided in the table below.
| Subject Number | Weight (kg) | Height (cm) | Age (yrs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 557 | 91 | 174 | 67 |
| 551 | 83 | 171 | 67 |
| 559 | 73 | 175 | 60 |
| 591 | 86 | 182 | 44 |
| 587 | 91 | 180 | 70 |
| 602 | 79 | 178 | 61 |
| 608 | 79 | 172 | 56 |
| Average | 83.1 | 176.0 | 60.7 |
Instructions¶
Follow the General Instructions for setting up your simulations. Make sure that all required outputs are available in the simulation output files (e.g. binout when using LS-Dyna) in an appropriate time frequency!
A detailed guide with illustrations is provided in Documentation.pdf.
Please report all new issues you encounter.
Directory structure¶
- A Jupyter notebook for postprocessing results using Dynasaur will be provided with a future update.
forman_2013
│ 00_Master_Sled.k
│ Documentation_Sled.pdf
│ Forman_2013_assessment.ipynb
│ LICENSE
│ README.md
│ Version vX.X.X.md
│
├───data
│ ├───examples
│ │
│ ├───experiment
│ │ ├───Config1
│ │ │
│ │ ├───Config2
│ │ │
│ │ ├───Config3
│ │ │
│ │ ├───Config4
│ │ │
│ │ ├───Config5
│ │ │
│ │ └───Config6
│ │
│ ├───metadata
│ │ │ 00_Forman_testbed_ID.def
│ │ │ 00_THUMS_v4.1_50M_IDs.def
│ │ │ 00_VIVA+_50F_IDs.def
│ │ │ 01_units_ms_mm_kg.def
│ │ │ 01_units_s_mm_ton.def
│ │ │ 02_quality_criteria.def
│ │ │ 04_testbed.def
│ │ │ 05_HBM_deflection.def
│ │ │ 06a_HBM_ribs_visualisation.def
│ │ │ 06_HBM_ribs_criteria.def
│ │ │ 07a_HBM_ribs_NFR_risk_Larsson_2021.def
│ │ │ 07c_HBM_THUMS_50M_ribs_NFR_risk_Forman2022_3plus.def
│ │ │ ls_user_function.py
│ │
│ ├───processed
│ │ ├───figures
│ │ │
│ │ └───sim_results
│ │
│ └───reference
│
├───sim_results
│ _copy_your_binouts_here.txt
│
├───_env
│ 00_Database_Control.k
│ 01a_Testbed_Seat_Side_Plate.k
│ 01_Testbed.k
│ 02_Belt.k
│ 02_Belt_GenFunctRetractor_PT.key
│ 02_Belt_longer.k
│ 03_Boundary_Condition.k
│ 04_Position_springs.k
│ 05_Calculations.k
│
└───_HBM
_copy_your_HBM_includes_here.txt
Loadcase specific outputs¶
Time-history data:
- Energies
- Total energy
- Internal energy
- Kinetic energy
- Hourglass energy
- Added mass (when using mass scaling)
- Percent increase of added mass
- Belt forces
- Upper shoulder belt force (cross section output 22000002 in the model, using only the x-force)
- HBM
- Relevant strain data (see above) for each rib over time
License¶
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License
Copyright¶
Copyright 2024 OVTO
Acknowledgement¶
This setup is based on the one developed by the THUMS User Community (TUC) available at https://tuc-project.org/far-side-load-case/. Specifically, the file 01_Testbed.k is based on the file TUC_FARSIDE_FORMAN_V2020.01_C1.key available there.
The setups available here have been updated by the Vehicle Safety Institute at Graz University of Technology to be HBM-neutral.
This work was funded by the research project "QualiPro HBM4VT". We acknowledge the support of all sponsors:
- DYNAmore Gesellschaft für FEM Ingenieurdienstleistungen GmbH, an Ansys Company
- Global Human Body Models Consortium, LLC (GHBMC)
- Humanetics
- SAFER (represented by Autoliv Development AB and Volvo Car Corporation)
- Toyota Motor Europe NV/SA
References¶
Forman, J. L., Lopez-Valdes, F., Lessley, D. J., Riley, P., Sochor, M., Heltzel, S., Ash, J., Perz, R., Kent, R. W., Seacrist, T., Arbogast, K. B., Tanji, H., & Higuchi, K. (2013). Occupant kinematics and shoulder belt retention in far-side lateral and oblique collisions: A parametric study. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 57, 343–385.